#: locale=en ## Action ### PDF PopupPDFBehaviour_0A266034_5E1C_42B2_41D4_C407E5EF6BD5.url = files/RiskAssessment_Form_en.pdf PopupPDFBehaviour_0ABD085B_5E64_42F6_41D2_B449F96F32D0.url = files/RiskAssessment_Form_en.pdf PopupPDFBehaviour_BFD752FD_93F9_8EF9_41D6_1888957442DB.url = files/Terminology_en.pdf PopupPDFBehaviour_CD982C00_928A_B907_41CA_145EBFF3FCF8.url = files/Terminology_en.pdf ## E-Learning ### Answer questionOption_F300CF7C_92F7_97FF_41CC_F6A32F592578.text = A shell with a several tubes inside it questionOption_839C9EE2_928E_790B_41C6_8E29C42304F4.text = A shell with a several tubes inside it questionOption_80E3BA26_928A_990B_41D8_4BCE7559A55B.text = Annulus questionOption_F30F1F7C_92F7_97FF_41C3_F82FCA359350.text = Annulus questionOption_F30F2F7C_92F7_97FF_41CF_D7B81BAD33CA.text = Baffles questionOption_83058D3C_9289_BB7F_41D2_165E1B4C67C9.text = Baffles questionOption_84EAD811_9289_9909_41DF_739607BA2E1E.text = Co-current flow, because the temperature of the two fluids converge questionOption_F14D3665_92B9_8909_41CD_B2877273781E.text = Co-current flow, because the temperature of the two fluids converge questionOption_84CA63E7_9289_8F09_41D4_39300FF94420.text = Counter-current flow, because the difference of temperature between the two fluids remains constant. questionOption_F14D0665_92B9_8909_41C8_C7A2B12270D7.text = Counter-current flow, because the difference of temperature between the two fluids remains constant. questionOption_F740D036_9297_890B_41C6_4839AFC0D7E8.text = False questionOption_85710E62_927E_990B_41DD_BE7BFAE3A0FD.text = False questionOption_8329059D_9289_8B39_41DB_B8648BE6D2D1.text = Gland questionOption_F30F0F7C_92F7_97FF_41A2_C90BF2A5BCE3.text = Gland questionOption_83E572C2_928B_890B_41C1_43696A4CC786.text = Inlets and outlets questionOption_F30F6F7C_92F7_97FF_41DF_91553469C1F6.text = Inlets and outlets questionOption_834AADFC_9289_FAFF_41E1_8EF71F9C07AE.text = Return bend questionOption_F300DF7C_92F7_97FF_41D8_8A6F8D7C5415.text = Return bend questionOption_0CA6CE0D_A52C_C7FC_41C3_61F39F7F5252.text = The inner pipe and is discharged questionOption_08B2E616_A52C_47EC_41DE_DBD0790046BE.text = The inner pipe and is recirculated questionOption_12B885FE_A52C_441C_41E0_4BE0CA88C414.text = The outer pipe and is discharged questionOption_0EE8C820_A52C_4C24_41CF_3CD4E48B3F1E.text = The outer pipe and is recirculated questionOption_F7403036_9297_890B_41E1_9DFBDDACEC16.text = True questionOption_8571FE62_927E_990B_41DE_7EDC93A28682.text = True questionOption_F300FF7C_92F7_97FF_41D3_3F1518E0BC80.text = Two pipes, one within the other questionOption_83EB89F7_928E_9B09_4183_EF84780C75BD.text = Two pipes, one within the other questionOption_C9F480F5_928B_8909_41DB_6BF677E02FDC.text = all of the above questionOption_CE86F8EA_8FC5_2506_41D5_21DDC26EBDEA.text = all of the above questionOption_CE8618E8_8FC5_2502_41D9_A469ED1AA0F5.text = conduction questionOption_C9F4A0F5_928B_8909_41E1_BCB7EFD8E269.text = conduction questionOption_C9F490F5_928B_8909_41C2_A534993891A2.text = conduction and convection questionOption_CE8708E9_8FC5_2502_41B6_71303393333D.text = conduction and convection questionOption_CE8738E9_8FC5_2502_41D1_459A7CA3CF95.text = convection questionOption_C9F480F5_928B_8909_41B1_0D11F5882760.text = convection questionOption_CE8718E9_8FC5_2502_41CB_3CF15169EDCD.text = convection and radiation questionOption_C9F4A0F5_928B_8909_41E2_511CCEDA05AF.text = convection and radiation questionOption_C9F4B0F5_928B_8909_41E0_DD181EFCF335.text = radiation questionOption_CE8728E9_8FC5_2502_41E1_96B85D47BE70.text = radiation ### Question question_874F4182_92B6_8B0B_41D9_0329FC055EFD.title = Can you predict which STHE flow type would be more efficient? question_F14CF665_92B9_8909_41CF_B60E405CD88B.title = Can you predict which STHE flow type would be more efficient? question_8571BE62_927E_990B_41C4_C2C68F0B68E4.title = Double pipe heat exchanger is usually small (< 500kW) and is able to handle high pressure and temperature. question_F740D036_9297_890B_41E0_D3170EECFF2B.title = Double pipe heat exchanger is usually small (< 500kW) and is able to handle high pressure and temperature. question_F300BF7B_92F7_97F9_41DF_0B17E01DC5C0.title = Identify the main components of the DPHE. question_82BF325A_9289_893B_41B9_C300CDF812DF.title = Identify the main components of the DPHE. question_0A9FD437_A52D_C42C_41AE_A3F4287994C2.title = In the equipment setup, where does the hot water flow through? question_CE86D8E6_8FC5_250E_41E1_0CB6F28C6A5D.title = The concept of overall coefficient of heat transfer is used in which heat transfer situations? question_C9F4E0F5_928B_8909_41CF_CA9ECDEE9CBB.title = The concept of overall coefficient of heat transfer is used in which heat transfer situations? 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Health and Safety


In order to progress you must adhere to the following requirements.


Health and Safety Risk Assessment


Download and complete the Health and Safety Risk Assessment form. This must be signed and approved by an authorised person before you can begin the experimental procedure.












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Instructions


This scientific experiment will guide you to perform an experimental energy balance over a lab scale double pipe heat exchanger.


The approach will help you gain new knowledge or prove existing knowledge by observing, reflecting and explaining the outcome.


Refer to the icons below to access specific content elements and navigate between activities. As you work through the sequence of activities, they will be marked as done.
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Instructions


This scientific experiment will guide you to perform an experimental energy balance over a lab scale double pipe heat exchanger.


The approach will help you gain new knowledge or prove existing knowledge by observing, reflecting and explaining the outcome.


Refer to the icons below to access specific content elements and navigate between activities. As you work through the sequence of activities, they will be marked as done.
HTMLText_CE8D68DC_8FC5_2502_41DF_6FB7629A021F.html =
Purpose of the experiment


As an engineer your job would be to design a heat exchanger that operates at maximum efficiency, safety and require low maintenance. In order to do this, you must understand the design factors. The following experiment will help you identify and evaluate the factors that affect the heat transfer in a shell and tube heat exchanger.


The design of the heat exchanger utilises both convection and conduction types of heat transfer.


Convection: transfer of heat occurs in the movement of fluids, creating continuous heating and cooling process


Conduction: transfer of heat due to direct contact


Stop and have a think!


What factors would be important for convection and conduction heat transfer?
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What is a Double Heat Exchanger (DPHE)?


A heat exchanger (HX) is a device that allows heat (Q) from one fluid (liquid or gas) to transfer to another without the two fluids having to mix or come in direct contact.


A Double Pipe Heat Exchanger (DPHE) is one of several types of heat exchangers that are used for


• Boilers and compressors that operated under high temperatures and pressures
• Petroleum refining; and
• Refrigeration



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Credits


Discipline of Chemical Engineering (WASM-MECE)
Faculty of Science and Engineering
Curtin University


Lihong Liu
Lecturer (Sessional Academic)


Arash Arami-Niya
Lecturer


Roshanak Doroushi
Laboratory Technician


Learning Engagement Team
Faculty of Science and Engineering
Curtin University


Diana Taylor
Lead Learning Engagement Developer


Madelon Heperi
Senior Learning Media Developer


Tommy Woodward
Multimedia Designer
 





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DPHE flow configurations


The flow direction of the fluids inside the pipes can be altered to achieve different results.


Co-current


Co-current arrangement is when both the inner and outer pipe fluids enter and leave the heat exchanger from the same end such that they flow parallel to each other. The output temperature tends to converge so there is a low rate of heat transfer near the outlet where the temperature difference is least.
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DPHE flow configurations


The flow direction of the fluids inside the pipes can be altered to achieve different results.


Counter-current


Counter-current arrangement has two fluids that are flowing in a opposite direction, the temperature difference remains fairly constant, so the rate of heat transfer remains high along the whole length of the heat exchanger.
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Equipment Setup


Watch the following video to become familiar with the Double Pipe Heat Exchanger that will be used for the experiment.
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Health and Safety


Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)


It is a requirement to wear correct PPE to access the laboratory. This includes a lab coat, closed shoes, long trousers/ skirts and safety glasses. Please be aware of the following hazards when operating the rig: (a) Electrical power (240 V) (b) Hot surfaces and fluid.


Do you agree to adhere to these requirements?



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Main Components


The Double Pipe Heat Exchanger (DPHE) contains two pipes, one within the other. Cold fluid passes through the inner pipe, and hot fluid through the outer pipe to trade energy.


Hot inlet/outlet: Allowing hot water to pass through the inner pipe


Cold inlet/outlet: Allowing cold water to pass through the outer pipe


Annulus: the space between the inner and outer pipe


Gland: provides sealing to the annulus and support the inner pipe


Return bend: a U-bend connecting the inner pipe for a second pass
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Welcome to Virtual Laboratory


Energy Balance Experiment: Double Pipe Heat Exchanger


Welcome to the Chemical Engineering Heat Transfer Laboratory at Curtin University. We pay our respects to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander members of our community by acknowledging the traditional owners of the land on which the laboratory at Bentley Campus, is located, the Wadjuk people of the Nyungar Nation.


This virtual laboratory guides you through an experiment using the double pipe heat exchanger.


• Adhere to health and safety requirements
• Explain the purpose of the experiment and base theory
• Identify the main components of the equipment
• Recognise advantages and disadvantages of the equipment
• Recall equipment configuration and experimental procedure
• Interpret the data spreadsheet


Choose your language: English or Chinese.


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Advantages and Disadvantages


Advantages


• Simple structure and large heat transmission
• Easy operation, maintenance, repairing, and displacement from one place to another
• Occupy less space
• Withstand high pressure and temperature
• Easy operation under counter currents
• Standard design and construction
Disadvantages


• Relatively expensive for heavy duties
• Relatively low flow rates and moderate temperature differences
• Not suitable for accommodating dirty fluids





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General Guidelines for DPHE


There are six General Guidelines for


1. The heat duty should be small usually less than 500 kW


2. Fouling fluid should be placed in inner pipe as it is easier to clean


3. The more corrosive fluid should be in inner pipe to prevent leakage


4. The hotter fluid usually goes through the inner pipe


5. The high-pressure stream often passes through the inner pipe


6. Cooling water usually goes through the outer pipe





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Procedure


For this procedure you will need:


• DPHE datasheet
• Pen or camera to capture displayed readings
• Stopwatch


Be sure that the equipment is setup in the following start up conditions:


• Power is on
• Hot water is preheated to 45 degrees Celsius
• Valve configuration is setup for co-current flow
• Have a stopwatch ready to start recording data


You will be required to record temperature readings at each sensor and the exact flow rate at the time of the reading.


There are four main configurations:


• Hot water will fixed at 100 LMP with varying cold water flow rate
• Cold water will fixed at 50 LMP with varying hot water flow rate
• Repeated for both co-current and counter current flow directions
• Carry out readings for an extend time (20min) on the final setting (Hot 100LMP, Cold 50LMP)



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Terminology


It is important to understand the terms, symbols, definitions and units of measurement.


Download the following document for your reference.





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Procedure


The completed datasheet, available for download, is from a previous experiment where the Hot Water was pre-heated to 55 degrees Celsius.



HTMLText_150C529D_5EEF_C672_41D4_C8E484E20709_mobile.html =
Advantages and Disadvantages


Advantages


• Simple structure and large heat transmission
• Easy operation, maintenance, repairing, and displacement from one place to another
• Occupy less space
• Withstand high pressure and temperature
• Easy operation under counter currents
• Standard design and construction
Disadvantages


• Relatively expensive for heavy duties
• Relatively low flow rates and moderate temperature differences
• Not suitable for accommodating dirty fluids





HTMLText_80235D88_9289_9B07_418A_D05DDF6EF8D4_mobile.html =
DPHE flow configurations


The flow direction of the fluids inside the pipes can be altered to achieve different results.


Co-current


Co-current arrangement is when both the inner and outer pipe fluids enter and leave the heat exchanger from the same end such that they flow parallel to each other. The output temperature tends to converge so there is a low rate of heat transfer near the outlet where the temperature difference is least.
HTMLText_80EC7B95_92B6_9F09_41D8_B8EE90B22996_mobile.html =
DPHE flow configurations


The flow direction of the fluids inside the pipes can be altered to achieve different results.


Counter-current
Counter-current arrangement has two fluids that are flowing in a opposite direction, the temperature difference remains fairly constant, so the rate of heat transfer remains high along the whole length of the heat exchanger.
HTMLText_871FCC29_929E_F919_41CA_B00867A4A2F4_mobile.html =
Equipment Setup


Watch the following video to become familiar with the Double Pipe Heat Exchanger that will be used for the experiment.
HTMLText_85732E60_927E_9907_41A0_E75681472818_mobile.html =
General Guidelines for DPHE


There are six General Guidelines for


1. The heat duty should be small usually less than 500 kW


2. Fouling fluid should be placed in inner pipe as it is easier to clean


3. The more corrosive fluid should be in inner pipe to prevent leakage


4. The hotter fluid usually goes through the inner pipe


5. The high-pressure stream often passes through the inner pipe


6. Cooling water usually goes through the outer pipe





HTMLText_FFC9D9AF_DFE4_E03D_41E5_6C90395B2D21_mobile.html =
Main Components


The Double Pipe Heat Exchanger (DPHE) contains two pipes, one within the other. Cold fluid passes through the inner pipe, and hot fluid through the outer pipe to trade energy.


Hot inlet/outlet: Allowing hot water to pass through the inner pipe


Cold inlet/outlet: Allowing cold water to pass through the outer pipe


Annulus: the space between the inner and outer pipe


Gland: provides sealing to the annulus and support the inner pipe


Return bend: a U-bend connecting the inner pipe for a second pass
HTMLText_8499D569_928A_8B19_41D8_1A972C2ED4B5_mobile.html =
Procedure


For this procedure you will need:


• DPHE datasheet
• Pen or camera to capture displayed readings
• Stopwatch


Be sure that the equipment is setup in the following start up conditions:


• Power is on
• Hot water is preheated to 45 degrees Celsius
• Valve configuration is setup for co-current flow
• Have a stopwatch ready to start recording data


You will be required to record temperature readings at each sensor and the exact flow rate at the time of the reading.


There are four main configurations:


• Hot water will fixed at 100 LMP with varying cold water flow rate
• Cold water will fixed at 50 LMP with varying hot water flow rate
• Repeated for both co-current and counter current flow directions
• Carry out readings for an extend time (20min) on the final setting (Hot 100LMP, Cold 50LMP)






HTMLText_85FA0AF8_B38E_BEE8_41C1_D63A8951AD96_mobile.html =
Procedure


The completed datasheet, available for download, is from a previous experiment where the Hot Water was pre-heated to 55 degrees Celsius.






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Purpose of the experiment


As an engineer your job would be to design a heat exchanger that operates at maximum efficiency, safety and require low maintenance. In order to do this, you must understand the design factors. The following experiment will help you identify and evaluate the factors that affect the heat transfer in a shell and tube heat exchanger.


The design of the heat exchanger utilises both convection and conduction types of heat transfer.


Convection: transfer of heat occurs in the movement of fluids, creating continuous heating and cooling process


Conduction: transfer of heat due to direct contact


Stop and have a think


What factors would be important for convection and conduction heat transfer?
HTMLText_FE67F47F_DFE5_201D_41E5_F0A8171B3A76_mobile.html =
Terminology


It is important to understand the terms, symbols, definitions and units of measurement.


Download the following document for your reference.





HTMLText_4DFDEAAB_6BCE_8E33_41D1_1DD04505491A_mobile.html =
What is a Double Heat Exchanger (DPHE)?


A heat exchanger (HX) is a device that allows heat (Q) from one fluid (liquid or gas) to transfer to another without the two fluids having to mix or come in direct contact.


A Double Pipe Heat Exchanger (DPHE) is one of several types of heat exchangers that are used for


• Boilers and compressors that operated under high temperatures and pressures
• Petroleum refining; and
• Refrigeration



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Credits


Discipline of Chemical Engineering (WASM-MECE)
Faculty of Science and Engineering
Curtin University


Lihong Liu
Lecturer (Sessional Academic)


Arash Arami-Niya
Lecturer


Roshanak Doroushi
Laboratory Technician


Learning Engagement Team
Faculty of Science and Engineering
Curtin University


Diana Taylor
Lead Learning Engagement Developer


Madelon Heperi
Senior Learning Media Developer


Tommy Woodward
Multimedia Designer
 





HTMLText_A8468BC4_968A_0520_41D0_128E606AA263_mobile.html =
Health and Safety


Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)


It is a requirement to wear correct PPE to access the laboratory. This includes a lab coat, closed shoes, long trousers/ skirts and safety glasses. Please be aware of the following hazards when operating the rig: (a) Electrical power (240 V) (b) Hot surfaces and fluid.


Do you agree to adhere to these requirements?



HTMLText_D74B6D41_968E_7D20_41D6_3FD4DD394F5F_mobile.html =
Health and Safety


In order to progress you must adhere to the following requirements.


Health and Safety Risk Assessment


Download and complete the Health and Safety Risk Assessment form. This must be signed and approved by an authorised person before you can begin the experimental procedure.












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Instructions


This scientific experiment will guide you to perform an experimental energy balance over a lab‐scale double pipe heat exchanger.


The approach will help you gain new knowledge or prove existing knowledge by observing, reflecting and explaining the outcome.


Refer to the icons below to access specific content elements and navigate between activities. As you work through the sequence of activities, they will be marked as done.
HTMLText_DC88E1E2_9F8A_04E0_41D8_9447CC9E7495_mobile.html =
Instructions


This scientific experiment will guide you to perform an experimental energy balance over a lab‐scale double pipe heat exchanger.


The approach will help you gain new knowledge or prove existing knowledge by observing, reflecting and explaining the outcome.


Refer to the icons below to access specific content elements and navigate between activities. As you work through the sequence of activities, they will be marked as done.
HTMLText_A088D794_978A_0D20_41C9_32DEE73DEC13_mobile.html =
Welcome to Virtual Laboratory


Energy Balance Experiment: Double Pipe Heat Exchanger


Welcome to the Chemical Engineering Heat Transfer Laboratory at Curtin University. We pay our respects to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander members of our community by acknowledging the traditional owners of the land on which the laboratory at Bentley Campus, is located, the Wadjuk people of the Nyungar Nation.


This virtual laboratory guides you through an experiment using the double pipe heat exchanger.


The aims of this experiment are:
• To become familiar with the features and operation of a double pipe heat exchanger
• To perform an energy balance over a heat exchanger
• To observe the dynamic response of the heat exchanger to changes in operating conditions.


Choose your language: English or Chinese.






HTMLText_FED0F022_DFA5_E027_41D6_48B263824205_mobile.html =
Template


1. Frame
2. Tank
3. Centrifugal pump
4. Electric heater
5. Control panel
6. Thermostat
7. Connection cold water supply
8. Ball valves
9. Inlet temperature measurement
10. Outlet temperature measurement
11. Flow measurement turbine
12. Flow control valves
13. Digital display
14. PC connection interface
15. Indicator panel
16. Ventilation valve



HTMLText_B121859E_EB8C_78E5_41CC_D62F8EB0C30E_mobile.html =
Credits


Discipline of Chemical Engineering (WASM-MECE)
Faculty of Science and Engineering
Curtin University


Lihong Liu
Lecturer (Sessional Academic)


Arash Arami-Niya
Lecturer


Roshanak Doroushi
Laboratory technician


Learning Engagement Team
Faculty of Science and Engineering
Curtin University


Diana Taylor
Lead Learning Engagement Developer


Madelon Heperi
Senior Learning Media Developer


Tommy Woodward
Multimedia Designer
 





HTMLText_FFADBFE7_DFBB_E02D_41A3_89A75DB7A04E_mobile.html =
Credits


Discipline of Chemical Engineering (WASM-MECE)
Faculty of Science and Engineering
Curtin University


Lihong Liu
Lecturer (Sessional Academic)


Arash Arami-Niya
Lecturer


Roshanak Doroushi
Laboratory technician


Learning Engagement Team
Faculty of Science and Engineering
Curtin University


Diana Taylor
Lead Learning Engagement Developer


Madelon Heperi
Senior Learning Media Developer


Tommy Woodward
Multimedia Designer
 





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